在很多离婚诉讼当中，我们客户的案件往往涉及到在中国和加拿大两地的资产，包括在北京、上海等各大城市的公司、地产和投资等等。中加两地的在国机资产方面的司法管辖权(Jurisdiction)争议，是这类案件的重点之一。迈林律师事务所拥有丰富的诉讼经验，在律所创办人洛恩-迈克林御用大律师（Lorne MacLean Q.C.）的带领之下，处理过大量的海外资产争议，能为您解决这些复杂的法律问题。
面对国际离婚和家庭法案件，迈林与中国的大型国际律所共同合作。迈林在温哥华市中心Vancouver、列治文Richmond、素里Surrey、基隆那Kelowna和卡尔加里Calgary都设有办公室，方便与您见面。我们的中文电话是604 682 6466，欢迎您随时拨打，与我们进行中文谘询。
在 Parker v Mitchel 2016 BCSC 723 一案，BC最高法院的法官就在配偶赡养费和分产问题上，遇到了BC省和美国加州的司法管辖权争议。他为此说明了有关的法律分析步骤。下面，我们的中文律师团队以此案为基础，为您讲解在《卑诗省家庭法法令》下，关于国外资产管辖权的分析流程。
第一步：BC的法院有没有管辖权进行判决？
根据BC省的家庭法第106条，BC最高法院的法官在分产方面如过遇到管辖权问题，只有在满足特定情况下情况才有权力作判决。其中最常见的条件包括：配偶其中一方是BC省的常住居民，或者案件跟BC省有真正和实质的关联（包括有一定量的不动产在卑诗省）。
13 On the question of whether the court may make an order, both statutes adopt a test of real and substantial connection and specify circumstances under which that connection is deemed to exist. The relevant section of the FLA is s. 106:
Determining whether to act under this Part
106(1) This section applies if an order respecting property division, respecting the same spouses, may be made in more than one jurisdiction.
(2) Despite any other provision of this Part, the Supreme Court has authority to make an order under this Part only if one of the following conditions is met:
. . .
(c) either spouse is habitually resident in British Columbia at the time a proceeding under this Part is started;
(d) there is a real and substantial connection between British Columbia and the facts on which the proceeding under this Part is based.
(3) For the purposes of subsection (2) (d), a real and substantial connection is presumed to exist if one or more of the following apply:
(a) property that is the subject of the proceeding is located in British Columbia;
(b) the most recent common habitual residence of the spouses was in British Columbia;
(c) a notice of family claim with respect to the spouses has been issued under the Divorce Act (Canada) in British Columbia.
第二步：该应用哪个地方（管辖区）的法律作出判决？
如果通过上一步，BC的法院决定它拥有对此案的管辖权，法院还必须进一步判断，它是否应该拒绝行使这个管辖权？这个判断大体上建立在公平和方便的原则上，但涉及到许多复杂的因素，通常是这类案件的关键所在。
BC省法院首先要看的因素是，假如在BC 省审理案件，到底要按照BC省的家庭法，还是另一个管辖区的法律作判决。BC家庭法第107条和108条，列出了考虑因素，包括另一个管辖区的法律是否属于夫妻共有财产制（regime of community of property）、双方最近期的共同常住地区等。
第三步：该否通过自由裁量权拒决受理案件？
如上所述，就算BC法庭有管辖权，也不代表法官会行使这个权力。BC省的家庭法第106（4）条和106（5）条就指出，如果案件由BC省以外的法庭比较合适，BC法庭拥有拒绝审理案件的自由裁量权。按照家庭法规定，法官需要参考下列的因素，来判断另一个可以处理案件的管辖区是否比BC更适合审理此案：双方证人的方便和花销考量；适用本案的法律（如上）；同一案件是否在其它管辖区在同时审理，或是已经有审理结果；两个管辖区的法令能否在对方范围内执行，等等。
41 The provisions of the FLA governing the court’s discretion to decline to exercise its jurisdiction are s. 106 (4) and (5):
106 . . .
(4) Despite subsection (2), a court may decline to make an order under this Part if the court, having regard to the interests of the spouses and the ends of justice, considers that it is more appropriate for jurisdiction to be exercised outside British Columbia.
(5) In determining whether to decline jurisdiction under subsection (4), the court must consider all of the following:
. . .
(b) the relative convenience and expense for the spouses and their witnesses;
(c) if section 108 [choice of law rules] applies, the law to be applied to issues in the proceeding;
(d) the desirability of avoiding multiple proceedings or conflicting decisions in different courts or tribunals;
(e) the extent to which an order respecting property or debt
(i) made in another jurisdiction would be enforceable in British Columbia, and
(ii) made in British Columbia would be enforceable in another jurisdiction;
(f) the fair and efficient working of the Canadian legal system as a whole;
(g) any other circumstances the court considers relevant.
如果通过上述分析之后，BC法院决定它有管辖权，并应该执行管辖权，那么它就可以对配偶拥有的全球范围内的家庭资产——包括海外资产——进行审理。如果您认为BC省并不是审理您海外资产的最佳选择，我们建议您立即提出申请，反对BC省的管辖权，如果拖延否则可能会导致您失去反对的资格。
迈林律师事务所拥有许多高资产的华人客户，无论您是来自中国、香港、台湾或其他地区，我们了解您的需要。我们的中文离婚律师团队是卑诗省最强大的团队之一。我们的中文电话是 604 682 6466——如果您有需要，请随时拨打，我们会为您竭诚服务。
